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AZ Show machine network information
Get and display network info for specified Azure machine
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#require -version 3.0
<#
.SYNOPSIS
Get and display network info for specified VM
.DESCRIPTION
Using REST API calls
.PARAMETER AZid
The relative URI of the Azure VM
.PARAMETER AZtenantId
The tenanit id containing the Azure VM
.NOTES
Version: 0.1
Author: Guy Leech, BSc based on code from Esther Barthel, MSc
Creation Date: 2021-10-30
Updated: 2022-01-17 Guy Leech Fix for tenant id handling
2022-01-17 Guy Leech Fix for errors from missing public IP address properties when VM deallocated
#>
[CmdletBinding()]
Param
(
[string]$AZid ,## passed by CU as the URL to the VM minus the FQDN
[string]$AZtenantId
)
$VerbosePreference = $(if( $PSBoundParameters[ 'verbose' ] ) { $VerbosePreference } else { 'SilentlyContinue' })
$DebugPreference = $(if( $PSBoundParameters[ 'debug' ] ) { $DebugPreference } else { 'SilentlyContinue' })
$ErrorActionPreference = $(if( $PSBoundParameters[ 'erroraction' ] ) { $ErrorActionPreference } else { 'Stop' })
$ProgressPreference = 'SilentlyContinue'
[int]$outputWidth = 250
if( ( $PSWindow = (Get-Host).UI.RawUI ) -and ( $WideDimensions = $PSWindow.BufferSize ) )
{
$WideDimensions.Width = $outputWidth
$PSWindow.BufferSize = $WideDimensions
}
[string]$computeApiVersion = '2021-07-01'
[string]$networkApiVersion = '2021-05-01'
[string]$baseURL = 'https://management.azure.com'
[string]$credentialType = 'Azure'
[int]$rdpPort = 3389
Write-Verbose -Message "AZid is $AZid in tenant $AZtenantId"
#region AzureFunctions
function Get-AzSPStoredCredentials {
<#
.SYNOPSIS
Retrieve the Azure Service Principal Stored Credentials.
.EXAMPLE
Get-AzSPStoredCredentials
.CONTEXT
Azure
.NOTES
Version: 0.1
Author: Esther Barthel, MSc
Creation Date: 2020-08-03
Purpose: WVD Administration, through REST API calls
#>
[CmdletBinding()]
Param
(
[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]
[string]$system ,
[string]$tenantId
)
$strAzSPCredFolder = [System.IO.Path]::Combine( [environment]::GetFolderPath('CommonApplicationData') , 'ControlUp' , 'ScriptSupport' )
$AzSPCredentials = $null
Write-Verbose -Message "Get-AzSPStoredCredentials $system"
[string]$credentialsFile = $(if( -Not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty( $tenantId ) )
{
[System.IO.Path]::Combine( $strAzSPCredFolder , "$($env:USERNAME)_$($tenantId)_$($System)_Cred.xml" )
}
else
{
[System.IO.Path]::Combine( $strAzSPCredFolder , "$($env:USERNAME)_$($System)_Cred.xml" )
})
Write-Verbose -Message "`tCredentials file is $credentialsFile"
If (Test-Path -Path $credentialsFile)
{
try
{
if( ( $AzSPCredentials = Import-Clixml -Path $credentialsFile ) -and -Not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty( $tenantId ) -and -Not $AzSPCredentials.ContainsKey( 'tenantid' ) )
{
$AzSPCredentials.Add( 'tenantID' , $tenantId )
}
}
catch
{
Write-Error -Message "The required PSCredential object could not be loaded from $credentialsFile : $_"
}
}
Elseif( $system -eq 'Azure' )
{
## try old Azure file name
$azSPCredentials = Get-AzSPStoredCredentials -system 'AZ' -tenantId $AZtenantId
}
if( -not $AzSPCredentials )
{
Write-Error -Message "The Azure Service Principal Credentials file stored for this user ($($env:USERNAME)) cannot be found at $credentialsFile.`nCreate the file with the Set-AzSPCredentials script action (prerequisite)."
}
return $AzSPCredentials
}
function Get-AzBearerToken {
<#
.SYNOPSIS
Retrieve the Azure Bearer Token for an authentication session.
.EXAMPLE
Get-AzBearerToken -SPCredentials <PSCredentialObject> -TenantID <string>
.CONTEXT
Azure
.NOTES
Version: 0.1
Author: Esther Barthel, MSc
Creation Date: 2020-03-22
Updated: 2020-05-08
Created a separate Azure Credentials function to support ARM architecture and REST API scripted actions
Purpose: WVD Administration, through REST API calls
#>
[CmdletBinding()]
Param(
[Parameter(Mandatory=$true, HelpMessage='Azure Service Principal credentials' )]
[ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()]
[System.Management.Automation.PSCredential] $SPCredentials,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$true, HelpMessage='Azure Tenant ID' )]
[ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()]
[string] $TenantID
)
## https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/active-directory/develop/v2-oauth2-client-creds-grant-flow
[string]$uri = "https://login.microsoftonline.com/$TenantID/oauth2/v2.0/token"
[hashtable]$body = @{
grant_type = 'client_credentials'
client_Id = $SPCredentials.UserName
client_Secret = $SPCredentials.GetNetworkCredential().Password
scope = "$baseURL/.default"
}
[hashtable]$invokeRestMethodParams = @{
Uri = $uri
Body = $body
Method = 'POST'
ContentType = 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
}
Invoke-RestMethod @invokeRestMethodParams | Select-Object -ExpandProperty access_token -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
}
function Invoke-AzureRestMethod {
[CmdletBinding()]
Param(
[Parameter( Mandatory=$true, HelpMessage='A valid Azure bearer token' )]
[ValidateNotNullOrEmpty()]
[string]$BearerToken ,
[string]$uri ,
[ValidateSet('GET','POST','PUT','DELETE')] ## add others as necessary
[string]$method = 'GET' ,
$body , ## not typed because could be hashtable or pscustomobject
[string]$property = 'value' ,
[string]$contentType = 'application/json'
)
[hashtable]$header = @{
'Authorization' = "Bearer $BearerToken"
}
if( ! [string]::IsNullOrEmpty( $contentType ) )
{
$header.Add( 'Content-Type' , $contentType )
}
[hashtable]$invokeRestMethodParams = @{
Uri = $uri
Method = $method
Headers = $header
}
if( $PSBoundParameters[ 'body' ] )
{
$invokeRestMethodParams.Add( 'Body' , ( $body | ConvertTo-Json -Depth 20))
}
if( -not [String]::IsNullOrEmpty( $property ) )
{
Invoke-RestMethod @invokeRestMethodParams | Select-Object -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue -ExpandProperty $property
}
else
{
Invoke-RestMethod @invokeRestMethodParams ## don't pipe through select as will slow script down for large result sets if processed again after rreturn
}
}
#endregion AzureFunctions
#region OtherFunctions
<#
.SYNOPSIS
Test if an IPv4 address is within the given CIDR range
.PARAMETER cidr
The CIDR to test
.PARAMETER address
The IP address to test against the CIDR specified
.EXAMPLE
Test-IPRangeFromCIDR -cidr "192.168.2.1/28" -address 192.168.2.10
Test if the specified IP address is contained within the given CIDR range
.NOTES
Modification History:
2021/11/03 @guyrleech Initial Release
#>
Function Test-IPRangeFromCIDR
{
[cmdletbinding()]
Param
(
[Parameter(Mandatory=$true,HelpMessage='IP address range as CIDR')]
[string]$cidr ,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$true,HelpMessage='IP address to check in range')]
[ipaddress]$address
)
[ipaddress]$startAddress = [ipaddress]::Any
[ipaddress]$endAddress = [ipaddress]::Any
if( Get-IPRangeFromCIDR -cidr $cidr -startAddress ([ref]$startAddress) -endAddress ([ref]$endAddress) )
{
[byte[]]$bytes = $address.GetAddressBytes()
[uint64]$addressToCompare = ( ( [uint64]$bytes[0] -shl 24) -bor ( [uint64]$bytes[1] -shl 16) -bor ( [uint64]$bytes[2] -shl 8) -bor [uint64]$bytes[3])
$bytes = $startAddress.GetAddressBytes()
[uint64]$startAddressToCompare = ( ( [uint64]$bytes[0] -shl 24) -bor ( [uint64]$bytes[1] -shl 16) -bor ( [uint64]$bytes[2] -shl 8) -bor [uint64]$bytes[3])
$bytes = $endAddress.GetAddressBytes()
[uint64]$endAddressToCompare = ( ( [uint64]$bytes[0] -shl 24) -bor ( [uint64]$bytes[1] -shl 16) -bor ( [uint64]$bytes[2] -shl 8) -bor [uint64]$bytes[3])
$addressToCompare -ge $startAddressToCompare -and $addressToCompare -le $endAddressToCompare ## return
}
}
<#
.SYNOPSIS
Take a CIDR (Classless Inter-Domain Routing) notation IP v4 range and returns the first and last IPv4 addresses in the range
.PARAMETER cidr
The CIDR to convert
.PARAMETER startAddress
Will be set to the start address of the range if the CIDR is valid
.PARAMETER endAddress
Will be set to the end address of the range if the CIDR is valid
.EXAMPLE
Get-IPRangeFromCIDR -cidr "192.168.2.1/28" -Verbose -startAddress ([ref]$start) -endAddress ([ref]$end)
Get the starting and ending IPv4 addresses of the specified CIDR range
.NOTES
Results compared with https://mxtoolbox.com/SubnetCalculator.aspx
Modification History:
2021/11/03 @guyrleech Initial Release
#>
Function Get-IPRangeFromCIDR
{
[cmdletbinding()]
Param
(
[Parameter(Mandatory=$true,HelpMessage='IP address range as CIDR')]
[string]$cidr ,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$true,HelpMessage='IP address range start result')]
[ref]$startAddress ,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$true,HelpMessage='IP address range end result')]
[ref]$endAddress
)
[string]$ipaddressPart , [int]$bitsPart = $cidr -split '/'
if( $bitsPart -eq $null -or $bitsPart -le 0 -or $bitsPart -gt 32 )
{
Write-Error -Message "/$bitsPart is invalid"
return $false
}
if( -Not ( $ipaddress = $ipaddressPart -as [ipaddress] ))
{
Write-Error -Message "IP address $ipaddressPart is invalid"
return $false
}
[uint64]$mask = ([int64][System.Math]::Pow( 2 , (32 - $bitsPart) ) - 1)
[byte[]]$bytes = $ipaddress.GetAddressBytes()
[uint64]$octets = ( ( [uint64]$bytes[0] -shl 24) -bor ( [uint64]$bytes[1] -shl 16) -bor ( [uint64]$bytes[2] -shl 8) -bor [uint64]$bytes[3])
[uint64]$start = $octets -band ($mask -bxor 0xffffffff)
[uint64]$end = $octets -bor $mask
$startAddress.Value = [ipaddress]$start
$endAddress.Value = [ipaddress]$end
return $true
}
Function Wait-ProvisioningComplete
{
[CmdletBinding()]
Param
(
[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]
[string]$bearerToken ,
[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]
[string]$uri ,
[int]$sleepMilliseconds = 3000 ,
[int]$waitForSeconds = 60
)
[datetime]$start = [datetime]::Now
[datetime]$end = $start.AddSeconds( $waitForSeconds )
do
{
if( ( $state = Invoke-AzureRestMethod -BearerToken $bearerToken -uri $uri -property 'properties') )
{
if( -Not $state.PSObject.properties[ 'provisioningState' ] )
{
Write-Warning -Message "No state property on response from $uri - $state"
}
elseif( $state.provisioningState -eq 'Succeeded' )
{
break
}
elseif( $state.provisioningState -eq 'Failed' )
{
Write-Error -Message "Provisioning failed for $uri"
break
}
}
else
{
Write-Warning -Message "Failed call to $uri"
}
Write-Verbose -Message "$(Get-Date -Format G) : provisioning state of $uri is $($state | Select-Object -ExpandProperty provisioningState -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue) so waiting $sleepMilliseconds ms"
Start-Sleep -Milliseconds $sleepMilliseconds
} while( [datetime]::Now -le $end )
if( $state -and $state.PSObject.properties[ 'provisioningState' ] -and $state.provisioningState -eq 'Succeeded' )
{
$state ## return
}
## else not succeeded so implicitly return $null
}
#endregion OtherFunctions
If ($azSPCredentials = Get-AzSPStoredCredentials -system $credentialType -tenantId $AZtenantId )
{
# Sign in to Azure with a Service Principal with Contributor Role at Subscription level and retrieve the bearer token
Write-Verbose -Message "Authenticating to tenant $($azSPCredentials.tenantID) as $($azSPCredentials.spCreds.Username)"
if( -Not ( $azBearerToken = Get-AzBearerToken -SPCredentials $azSPCredentials.spCreds -TenantID $azSPCredentials.tenantID ) )
{
Throw "Failed to get Azure bearer token"
}
[string]$vmName = ($AZid -split '/')[-1]
if( -Not ( $vm = Invoke-AzureRestMethod -BearerToken $azBearerToken -uri "$baseURL/$azid/?api-version=$computeApiVersion" -property $null ) )
{
Throw "Failed to get VM for $azid"
}
if( ! [string]::IsNullOrEmpty( $vm.id ) )
{
## GRL 2021-10-20 appears to be a CU bug/feature that transmogrifies the VM name to lowercase which produces a blob URL that doesn't work so we replace the Az ID with what is returned here
$AZid = $vm.id
$vmName = $vm.Name
}
## https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/rest/api/compute/virtual-machines/instance-view
if( -Not ( $virtualMachineStatus = Invoke-AzureRestMethod -BearerToken $azBearerToken -uri "$baseURL/$azid/instanceView`?api-version=$computeApiVersion" -property 'statuses' ) )
{
Write-Warning "Failed to get VM instance view for $azid"
}
## get its networking so we can see if it already has a public IP
if( -Not ( [array]$networkInterfaces = @( $vm.properties | Select-Object -ExpandProperty networkProfile | Select-Object -ExpandProperty networkInterfaces | Select-Object -ExpandProperty Id ) ))
{
Throw "VM $vmName has no network interfaces"
}
Write-Verbose -Message "Got $($networkInterfaces.Count) network interfaces"
[array]$networkInfo = @( ForEach( $networkInterface in $networkInterfaces )
{
$result = [pscustomobject]@{ 'Interface' = Split-Path -Path $networkInterface -Leaf }
if( ( $thisNetworkInterface = Invoke-AzureRestMethod -BearerToken $azBearerToken -uri "$baseURL/$networkInterface/?api-version=$networkApiVersion" -property 'properties' ) )
{
if( $IPproperties = $thisNetworkInterface.ipConfigurations | Select-Object -ExpandProperty properties )
{
if( $IPproperties.provisioningState -ne 'Succeeded' )
{
Write-Warning -Message "Provisioning state of $networkInterface is $($IPproperties.provisioningState)"
}
## don't break so we can get all application security groups for all the VMs NICs as they may appear in network security group rules which we check later for port 3389 access
$IPproperties | Select-Object -ExpandProperty applicationSecurityGroups -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | Select-Object -ExpandProperty Id | Select-Object -Unique | ForEach-Object `
{
[string]$applicationSecurityGroupName = ($_ -split '/')[-1]
try
{
$applicationSecurityGroups.Add( $applicationSecurityGroupName , $true )
}
catch
{
## already have it which doesn't matter
}
}
Add-Member -InputObject $result -NotePropertyMembers @{
'Nic Type' = $thisNetworkInterface.nicType
'Accelerated Networking' = $thisNetworkInterface.enableAcceleratedNetworking
'Subnet' = (( $IPproperties |Select-Object -ExpandProperty subnet -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | Select-Object -ExpandProperty Id -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue) -split '/') | Select-Object -Last 1
'Private IP' = $IPproperties | Select-Object -ExpandProperty privateIPAddress
'Private IP Allocation' = $IPproperties | Select-Object -ExpandProperty privateIPAllocationMethod
'Private IP Type' = $IPproperties | Select-Object -ExpandProperty privateIPAddressVersion
'MAC Address' = $thisNetworkInterface.macAddress
'Network Security Group' = (( $thisNetworkInterface | Select-Object -ExpandProperty networkSecurityGroup -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | Select-Object -ExpandProperty Id -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue) -split '/') | Select-Object -Last 1
}
if( $IPproperties.PSObject.properties[ 'publicIPAddress' ] )
{
if( ( $thisPublicIpAddressDetail = Invoke-AzureRestMethod -BearerToken $azBearerToken -uri "$baseURL$($IPproperties.publicIPAddress.Id)`?api-version=$networkApiVersion" -property $null ) )
{
Add-Member -InputObject $result -NotePropertyMembers @{
'Public IP' = $thisPublicIpAddressDetail.properties | Select-Object -ExpandProperty ipAddress -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
'Public IP Allocation' = $thisPublicIpAddressDetail.properties.publicIPAllocationMethod
'Public IP Type' = $thisPublicIpAddressDetail.properties.publicIPAddressVersion
'Public IP Location' = $thisPublicIpAddressDetail.location
'Public IP SKU' = $thisPublicIpAddressDetail.sku.name
'Public IP Tier' = $thisPublicIpAddressDetail.sku.tier
'Public IP Timeout' = "$($thisPublicIpAddressDetail.properties.idleTimeoutInMinutes) minutes"
'Public IP Tags' = $thisPublicIpAddressDetail | Select-Object -ExpandProperty Tags -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
}
}
else
{
Write-Warning -Message "Failed to get details of public IP address $($thisPublicIpAddress.Id)"
}
}
}
}
else
{
Write-Warning -Message "Failed to get properties for network interface $networkInterface"
}
$result
})
Write-Output "Details for $($networkInfo.Count) network interfaces, $(($virtualMachineStatus | Where-Object code -match '^PowerState/' | Select-Object -ExpandProperty code) -replace '/' , ' is ') :"
$networkInfo | Format-List
}
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